References by document types
General hints
For useful information on how to cite different document types see APA (6th edition) or check Publication Manual for the latest version (7th edition).
- Since the original language of the APA standard is English, we recommend that you use the English interface of Zotero while inserting citations. Doing so you can avoid that Zotero mixes the two languages and uses abbreviations either in English or in Hungarian, e.g.: ed./szerk. or pp./o.
- Pay attention to the required elements, where no data is available, substitute it, e.g.: n.d. (no date).
- Try to find all data that are available. If certain data elements are missing (e.g. page number at electronic sources, author, issue number), omit them.
- The description of electronic documents may be completed with DOI or URL.
- If an electronic source has a DOI, provide it. If DOI is provided, you, you do not need to add either the URL or the access date. If DOI is not available, provide the URL. If both are missing, refer to the source as a printed document.
- Note, that at verbatim citation, in addition to the author’s surname and the year, you need to add the page number of the cited document.
Mandatory data elements by document types
Book/e-book
General form: Author’s surname, initials of first name. (Publication year). Title. (Edition). Publisher.
| In-text citation | Reference list | |
| 1 author | (Kornai, 1982) | Kornai, J. (1982). A hiány (2nd ed.) Közgazdasági és Jogi Könyvkiadó. |
| 2 authors | (Sambrook & Russel, 2001) | Sambrook, J., & Russell, D. W. (2001). Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual (3rd ed.) CSHL Press. |
| More than 2 authors | (Torino et al., 2019) | Torino, G. C., Rivera, D. P., Capodilupo, C. M., Nadal, K. L., & Sue, D. W. (Eds.). (2019). Microaggression theory: Influence and implications. John Wiley & Sons. |
| E-book, with DOI | (Chikán, 2020) | Chikán, A. (2020). Vállalatgazdaságtan. Akadémiai Kiadó. https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634545897 |
Hints:
It is recommended to include the edition in brackets after the title.
In the reference list use a comma between authors’ names and & in front of the last author.
If the book is edited, i.e. contains several essays, indicate it has an editor e.g.: Kesharwani, P. (Ed.).
If an e-book has a DOI it should be placed after the publisher.
Book chapter
General form: Author’s surname, initials of first name. (Publication year). Chapter title. In Editor’s surname, initials of first name. (Eds.), Book title (pp. page number from-to). Publisher.
| In-text citation | Reference list | |
| 1 author | (Hogue, 2001) | Hogue, C. W. V. (2001). Structure databases. In A. D.Baxevanis & B. F. F. Oullette (Eds.), Bioinformatics (2nd ed., pp. 83-109). Wiley-Interscience. |
| 2 authors | (Lengyel & Vicsek, 2004) | Lengyel, Gy., & Vicsek, L. (2004). A biztonsághiány egyéni és társadalmi komponensei. In Kolosi, T., Tóth, I. Gy., & Vukovich Gy. (Eds.), Társadalmi riport (pp. 484-499). TÁRKI. |
| More than 2 authors | (Le Couteur et al., 2010) | Le Couteur, D., Kendig, H., Naganathan, V., & McLachlan, A. (2010). The ethics of prescribing medicines to older people. In S. Koch, F. M. Gloth & R. Nay (Eds.), Medication management in older adults (pp. 29-42). Springer. |
| E-book, with DOI | (Aron et al., 2019) | Aron, L., Botella, M., & Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, & F. C. Worrell (Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016 |
Hints:
Reference should be made only to chapters of edited books, otherwise, cite the whole book.
If the e-book chapter does not have a page number, omit it from the reference.
If the chapter has a DOI, add it after the name of the publisher in the reference list.
E-journal article or magazine article
General form: Author’s surname, initials of first name. (Publication year). Article title. Journal title, volume(issue), page number from-to. DOI or URL
| In-text citation | Reference list | |
| 1 author | (Middleton, 2011) | Middleton, J. (2011). The test of time: Neuropsychological approaches to children: Towards a developmental neuropsychology. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 16(2), 247-251. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104511404364 |
| 2 authors | (Kalashnikova & Chorna, 2023) | Kalashnikova, L., & Chorna, V. (2023). Effectiveness of distance and online education services in the context of the coronavirus pandemic: Experience of empirical sociological research in Ukraine. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Sciences, 36(3), 515–525. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2021.1909463 |
| More than 2 authors | (Felsmann et al., 2022) | Felsmann, B., Ferincz, A., & Kárpáti, Z. (2022). Erőforrások és képességek a vállalati versenyképesség tükrében – Egy empirikus vizsgálat tanulságai. Vezetéstudomány-Budapest Management Review, 53(4), 2-16. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2022.04.01 |
| Magazine article | (Lyons, 2009) | Lyons, D. (2009, June 15). Don’t ‘iTune’ us: It’s geeks versus writers. Guess who’s winning. Newsweek, 153(24), 27. https://www.newsweek.com/its-writers-vs-techies-guess-whos-winning-80631 |
Hints:
If the journal article has an article number instead of a page number, use the word “Article” and add the article number. e.g: PLoS ONE, 13(3), Article e0193972.
If the journal does not use a volume, issue and/or article or page number, omit the missing element(s) from the reference.
Online media
News site – General form: Author’s surname, initials of first name. (Exact date of publication). Article title. Name of the news site. URL
| In-text citation | Reference list |
| (Bologna, 2019) | Bologna, C. (2019, October 31). Why some people with anxiety love watching horror movies. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/anxiety-love-watching-horror-movies_l_5d277587e4b02a5a5d57b59e |
Further examples: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/webpage-website-references
Blog – General form: Author’s surname, initials of first name. (Exact date of publication). Article title. Title of the blog. URL
| In-text citation | Reference list |
| (Ouellette, 2019) | Ouellette, J. (2019, November 15). Physicists capture first footage of quantum knots unraveling in superfluid. Ars Technica https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/11/study-you-can-tie-a-quantum-knot-in-a-superfluid-but-it-will-soon-untie-itself/ |
Social media
| In-text citation | Reference list | |
| (Community of Multiculturalism, n.d.) | Community of Multiculturalism. (n.d.). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/communityofmulticulturalism/ | |
| (Prevention Institute, 2020) | Prevention Institute [@preventioninst]. (2020, September 24). If you want to talk #health, you have to talk #racialjustice [Video attached] [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/preventioninst/status/1309211009039687680 |
For precise information of other document types (web pages, podcasts, data, theses etc.) check APA’s official site, and this overview compiled by APA.